Who do I want to be?

Mathematics Unit
Why do I need Maths?

This unit examines the importance of Mathematics in working life and how it underpins a number of careers.

Key Questions

Possible Development of Thinking Skills and Personal Capabilities

Developing pupils’ Knowledge, Understanding and Skills

  • Making connections between learning in different contexts
  • Making links between cause and effect
  • Trying to evaluate different ways to solve a problem
  • Choosing and justifying a method for working
    (Thinking, Problem Solving, Decision Making)
  • Experimenting with ideas and questions
    (Being Creative)

Young people shoud have opportunities to develop knowledge and understanding of:

  • Number
  • Algebra
  • Shape, Space and Measures and
  • Handling Data

by demonstrating:

  • the application of mathematical skills to real life and work situations;
  • increasing competence in mental mathematics skills;
  • increasing competence in pencil and paper methods;
  • increasing confidence in the use of mathematical language and notation.

 

Why do you think Maths is so important for employment?

Learning Intentions
Pupils are learning …

Possible Learning, Teaching and Assessment Activities

…about how Maths is used in working life.

… to experiment with ideas and questions.
Being Creative

‘I don’t need Maths to do my job.’

In small groups, brainstorm and discuss if there are any jobs for which mathematics is not needed.

List how maths is used in various jobs. What kind of categories keep coming up?

Interview your parents or another adult about how they use maths in their job and everyday lives.

Carousel* activity:

Pupils work in groups, within a time limit, to write down their initial responses, thoughts, ideas and suggestions to statements about maths, for example:

  • Maths is a set of tools;
  • Maths helps you to solve problems;
  • Maths is a way of thinking;
  • Maths is a language;
  • Maths helps you be creative.

 

What use is the Maths I learn at school?

Learning Intentions
Pupils are learning …

Possible Learning, Teaching and Assessment Activities

…about the role and uses of geometry.

The study of shape and space is called geometry, a word that comes from Greek and means measuring the earth.

Pupils engage in activities involving geometry used in other subjects and jobs.

Choose from the following activities to explore aspects of geometry. Each group performs a different activity and reports back to the class

… to make connections between learning in different contexts.

Thinking, Problem Solving and Decision Making

Fashion design

From a picture or piece of clothing, sketch the shapes that make up that garment.

Pupils could then design an outfit, create a pattern and make the garment (or a scaled down version). Art link

Cartography

Cartographers use geometry for drawing maps. Ask pupils to choose an image from Google Earth or similar. Use this to draw a map.

Architecture and Engineering

Architects, builders and engineers use geometry to draw plans for building houses and other structures. Have a look at some building plans. What do you notice about them? What questions do you have on looking at them?

Interior Design and Landscape Gardening

Geometry is needed in home decorating, garden landscaping and for interior design.

Draw up a plan for a garden or room at home. Remember to use and state the scale that you use

Medicine

Medical imaging (CAT, MRI, ultra sound and x-rays) requires knowledge of geometry. How have these impacted on our lives? If possible have a look at some of these images.

IT

A knowledge of geometry is needed to work in computer graphics to design characters and environments in games.

Using Logo, design different shapes/graphics. Show how giving instructions to the turtle on how to move can be made less tedious by using simple equations.

…about using equations.

…to make links between cause and effect.

Thinking, Problem Solving and Decision Making

…about the role of algebra.

…about using statistics and probability.

…about the importance of mental maths.

Show how equations are used to model the world around us. For example, engineers use them for designing bridges and buildings, economists and financial planners use them to describe relationships between money, time and products, and biologists use them to describe the actions of a particular gene.

Ask pupils to think of a relationship between two things where a change in one affects the other. Write down this relationship in words.

The word algebra comes from Arabic and means ‘the reunion of broken parts’. It replaces numbers with symbols.

Ask the class can they replace the equation (from the activity above) with one involving symbols and numbers. Why do you think this format is used in computer programming?

Statistics and probability provide ways to record observations and make predictions based on these. They are used in the financial and insurance industry to assess risk.

Politicians use statistics and probability for election strategies. Statistics are used in manufacturing to assess reliability and used in law to prove the chance of something happening beyond reasonable doubt.

Useful websites:

www.stats4schools.gov.uk
www.censusatschool.ntu.ac.uk

Mental maths is like a safety net to guard against mistakes, so you have an idea of what the right answer should be.

Practise mental maths strategies as described in the Northern Ireland Mathematics Strategy.

 

What kinds of Maths do nurses and doctors use?

Learning Intentions
Pupils are learning …

Possible Learning, Teaching and Assessment Activities

… how maths calculations are used in different occupations.

Nurses and doctors have a huge responsibility in administering medicine to patients. Each dose can depend on an individual’s body weight.

What kinds of calculations would they have to do? What topics in maths would they need to have a very good understanding of?

What could happen if a decimal point is put in the wrong place?

Nurses and doctors need to:

  • know about Roman Numerals to, for example, label stage or grade of disease and name clotting factors in the blood.
  • know about and convert between fractions, decimals and percentages.
  • deal with problems involving ratio and proportion. For example, 60mg of medication is required and each tablet contains 30mg. How many tablets are needed?
  • do metric conversions between grams and milligrams, grams and kilograms and litres and millilitres. Calculations must be done with like units.

 

How would an engineer use Maths?

Learning Intentions
Pupils are learning …

Possible Learning, Teaching and Assessment Activities

… to choose and justify a method for working.
Thinking, Problem Solving and Decision Making

Engineers’ work involves making calculations for building structures and providing services such as water.

Calculate the volume of concrete required to fill in a set of foundations, for example, 500mm depth of concrete in a trench of 10m x 12m.

Calculate the amount of polystyrene beading needed to insulate cavity walls of height 2.5m and width 5.5m with a cavity gap of 100mm.

Calculate the length of piping required to bring water from Silent Valley reservoir to Belfast .

Useful websites:

Institution of Civil Engineers: Education Zone
www.ice.org.uk/education

Build a Bridge Challenge
www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/bridge/build.html

 

How does an insurance company use Maths?

Learning Intentions
Pupils are learning …

Possible Learning, Teaching and Assessment Activities

… to evaluate different ways of solving a problem.

Thinking, Problem Solving and Decision Making

 

 

 

 

 

Insurance companies deal with the mathematics of risk. They estimate the probability of a loss and calculate a premium to be paid to insure for such a loss. If the loss happens, the insured person is compensated.

In groups, estimate the probability of losing a textbook for a particular subject by a member of the class.

  • What would be the price of compensating them with a new textbook?
  • What premium would everyone in the class have to pay to cover the loss of one such book by one of the class?
  • What other possible losses / variety of losses are likely in the class?
  • What packages could each group propose to cover these loses?

Research how insurance companies assess risk. Perhaps you could ask a guest speaker from an insurance company or loss adjusters. Discuss the different types of insurance available.

How is life assurance different from all other types of insurance?
Financial Capability link

 

How do other occupations use Maths?

Learning Intentions
Pupils are learning …

Possible Learning, Teaching and Assessment Activities

 

In small groups or individually, choose a job or career area not already mentioned and research the maths used in it. Demonstrate an example of the maths used to the class.

Useful websites:

http://plus.maths.org/interview.html

www.mathscareers.org.uk

www.rss.org.uk Click on ‘Careers’.

 

Development of Learning Outcomes

  • Demonstrate mental mathematical capability with simple problems.
  • Decide on the appropriate method and equipment to solve problems ­– mental, written, calculator, mathematical instruments or a combination of these.
  • Demonstrate financial capability in a range of relevant everyday contexts.
  • Research and manage information effectively to investigate and solve mathematical problems, using ICT where appropriate.
  • Show deeper mathematical understanding by thinking critically and flexibly, solving problems and making informed decisions, using ICT where appropriate.
  • Demonstrate creativity and initiative when developing ideas and following them through.
  • Work effectively with others.
  • Demonstrate self-management by working systematically, persisting with tasks, evaluating and improving own performance.
  • Communicate effectively in oral, visual, written, mathematical and ICT formats, showing clear awareness of audience and purpose.

Links with Key Elements

Link with Learning for Life and Work

Employability

Employability

Key concepts – Career Management

Key concept – Work in the Local and Global Economy